Kinetic analysis of the liquid-assisted grinding (LAG) mechanosynthesis of metal bipyridine complexes

Kinetic analysis of the liquid-assisted grinding (LAG) mechanosynthesis of metal bipyridine complexes

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Liquid-assisted grinding (LAG) with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) can prepare a variety of palladium-bipyridine complexes much more rapidly than by ball milling the neat powders.The added liquid is non-innocent, and reacts to form Pd-DMSO species prior to formation of the final complex.Formation of a Numeric Keyboards metal-DMSO intermediate leads this process to be ineffective for analogous zinc complexes.The mechanosynthesis kinetics can effectively be fitted to the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Yerofeev-Kolmogorov (JMAYK) and Finke-Watzky (FW) models in the case of neat and LAG reactions, but the LAG mechanosynthesis is Bag most easily evaluated in terms of solution-like first order kinetics.The addition of a small amount of DMSO to the reaction mixture is so effective that reasonable yields may be achieved in 24 h without milling by periodically stirring the reacting powders.